Environmental Sciences 代写:数据和信息

2020-01-06 07:41

有了以上所有的数据和信息，我们可以得出结论和管理策略来对抗这些影响。此外，我们还看到了与干旱有关的胁迫对大豆和玉米两种作物的影响。两种作物都经历了相似但不同的与干旱相关的症状，这些症状后来影响最终产量。诸如灌溉、抗旱作物、使用转基因作物和侦察等策略可以减少植物在这些条件下的时间(Athar和Ashraf, 1970)。Debaeke Aboudrare状态,这六个目标可以减少干旱症状:“(我)增加土壤储存水在种植播种,(2)增加土壤水提取,(3)总中水回用,减少土壤蒸发的贡献(iv)之间的季节性用水模式优化和post-anthesis, (v)承受水压力和压力缓解后的恢复,和(vi)灌溉最敏感的增长阶段(Debaeke Aboudrare, 2004)。“如果已经产生了压力，在选择一种策略之前，首先确定剩余的产量潜力是很重要的。记住，每个字段都是不同的，即使它们相邻。在确定策略时，了解作物的土壤、杂种带来的利用和当前供水的组合是很重要的。爱荷华州立大学表示，为了确定在授粉期间对玉米秸秆进行振动试验，还剩下多少潜在产量。“如果这里没有授粉，有两种选择:(1)接近授粉的地方收获尽可能高质量的饲料;(2)把作物留作活的覆盖作物，直到秋天才割草或砍树(爱荷华州立大学，2017年)。“了解作物的发育阶段对确定作物所承受的压力类型至关重要。在花粉脱落和吐丝期间，产量可减少到每天9%，在授粉期间可减少到每天6%。当观察到与干旱相关的胁迫时，我们可以通过列出的策略来考虑，从而减少作物处于胁迫状态的时间，并有希望提高由于胁迫而减少的产量，使作物恢复正常的功能阶段。
Environmental Sciences 代写:数据和信息
With all the data and information presented above, we can draw conclusions and management strategies to combat most of these influences. Furthermore we see the consequences of drought-related stress in both crops, soybeans and corn. Both crops experience similar, yet difference drought-related symptoms that later affect final yield. Strategies such as irrigation, drought resistant crops, use of GMO’s, and scouting can reduce the time that the plants are under these conditions (Athar and Ashraf, 1970). Debaeke and Aboudrare state that these six objectives can reduce drought symptoms: “(i) increasing soil stored water at planting sow, (ii) increasing soil water extraction, (iii) reducing the contribution of soil evaporation to total water-use, (iv) optimizing the seasonal water use pattern between pre-and post-anthesis, (v) tolerate water stress and recover after stress alleviation, and (vi) irrigate at the most-sensitive growth phases (Debaeke and Aboudrare, 2004).” It is essential to first determine the remaining yield potential before selecting a strategy if stress also already been induced. Remember that each field is different, even if they’re right next to each other. It is important to know the combination of the soil, hybrid bring used and current water supply the crop has when determining strategies. Iowa State University states that to determine how much potential yield is remaining to perform a shake test on the corn stalk during pollination. “If here is no pollination, there are two options: (1) harvest near to pollination as possible for the highest quality forage possible or (2) leave the crop as a living cover crop until the fall before mowing or chopping (Iowa State University, 2017).” It is essential to know the crops developmental stages to determine the type of stress the crop will be under. During pollen shed and silking yields can be reduced up to nine percent per day and during pollination up to six percent per day. With the listed strategies to consider when drought-related stress is observed, we can reduce the amount of time the crop is under the stressful conditions and hopefully elevate the amount of yield reduction due to the stress and get the crop back into normal, functioning stage.