澳洲社会学作业代写 物种灭绝

2020-07-17 17:33

今天，物种灭绝是历史平均水平的1,000多倍--这是自65年前白垩纪-古生代灭绝事件以来最严重的一次，当时大规模的碰撞破坏了全球环境，导致恐龙的终结（Falbab-Brown）。这场环境灾难很大程度上是由于非洲国家偷猎行为的加剧。每年有超过27000头大象被屠杀，非洲大象的死亡率远远高于出生率（Steyn）。偷猎对环境造成的损失越来越多地导致了非洲国家生物多样性的丧失，而对偷猎的执法是无效的：超过170名护林员在试图保护野生动物和游客免受偷猎者的伤害时死亡（Actman）。然而，这些本土偷猎者的动机往往来自于缺乏稳定的社会和他们的贫困状态。对于当地人来说，偷猎是一种生存手段。根据瑞典斯泰伦博斯大学公共领导力学院和斯德哥尔摩大学斯德哥尔摩复原力中心教授、南部非洲生态系统变化与社会项目协调员比格斯的说法，非洲是地球上生物多样性最丰富的地区之一，但贫困程度很高，人口增长迅速，人类管理快速变化、全球联网的社会的能力往往极其有限。(Biggs).另一方面，当地人并没有意识到，虽然偷猎可能会带来暂时的财富和收入，但它有助于犯罪网络的发展，并给生物多样性带来明显的危害。为了成功地防止偷猎，必须向当地人宣传并考虑到他们的低教育水平和社会道德，以改善当地社区和环境。
澳洲社会学作业代写 物种灭绝
Today, species extinction is more than 1,000 times the historical average- the worst since the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction event 65 years ago when the massive collision devastated the global environment and led to the end of dinosaurs (Falbab-Brown). This environmental catastrophe is largely in part due to the intensified poaching in African nations. With over 27000 elephants slaughtered each year, mortality rates of African elephants are far higher than birth rates (Steyn). The toll that poaching takes on the environment is increasingly contributing to the loss of biodiversity in African nations, and enforcement on poaching is ineffective: more than 170 rangers have died while trying to protect wildlife and tourists from poachers (Actman). However, the motives of these native poachers often come from the lack of a stable society and their state of destitution. For the native people, poaching is a means of survival. According to Biggs, a professor at the School of Public Leadership at Stellenbosch University and the Stockholm Resilience Centre at Stockholm University in Sweden, the coordinator of the Southern African Program on Ecosystem Change and Society Africa is one of the most biodiverse regions on Earth, but poverty levels are high, populations are growing rapidly, and human capacity to manage fast-changing, globally connected societies is often extremely limited. (Biggs).On the other hand, natives do not realize that though poaching may bring temporary wealth and income, it contributes to the development of criminal networks and brings apparent harm to biodiversity. In order to successfully prevent poaching, the natives’ low levels of education and societal morals must be communicated and taken into account to better both the local community and environment.
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